Stirling Castle

1799

Tears before a painting by Claude Lorrain

The collector John Julius Angerstein invited him to see his paintings; standing before Claude’s “The Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba” Turner burst into tears and explained that he would never be able to paint anything like it. Only when he finished “Dido Building Carthage” (1815) did he feel he had achieved something comparable.

4 November 1799

Elected an associate of the Royal Academy

On 4 November 1799 Turner, by then a popular artist, was elected an associate (corresponding) member of the Royal Academy.

1801

The triumph of the “Bridgewater Sea Piece” at the Academy

“Dutch Boats in a Gale” (the “Bridgewater Sea Piece”), commissioned for 250 guineas by the Duke of Bridgewater, one of the richest men in England, “took the Academy by storm” and was hung in the best location of the whole exhibition: in the Great Room, centred, opposite the entrance.

1801

Birth of Evelina, Sarah Danby’s daughter

Turner never married, but is generally believed to have been the father of the two older daughters of his housekeeper, the widow Sarah Danby — Evelina (born 1801) and Georgiana; their discreet relationship lasted twelve years.

10 February 1802

Becomes a Royal Academician

On 10 February 1802 he was granted the title of Royal Academician, which gave him the right to exhibit without passing the selection committee that previewed all works.

1802–1803

Paris and the Swiss Alps in a year of peace

In the only year without war in Europe between 1793 and 1814 (the Peace of Amiens, 1802–1803) a consortium of noblemen sponsored a visit to Paris, where he saw old master paintings in the Louvre, and then he toured the Swiss Alps; his Alpine sketches later let him represent “the sublime” in paintings such as “Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army Crossing the Alps” (1812).