No. 17 [or] No. 15

3 – 22 March 1947

A first solo show with Betty Parsons

Rothko’s first solo exhibition at the Betty Parsons Gallery ran from 3 to 22 March 1947; he showed there again in 1950 and 1951.

October 1948

Rothko’s mother dies

Rothko’s mother, Kate, died in October 1948; the discovery of his definitive form came at a period of great distress.

1948–1949

The “Subjects of the Artist” school

In 1948 Rothko, Robert Motherwell, William Baziotes, Barnett Newman and David Hare founded the Subjects of the Artist school at 35 East 8th Street, with public lectures by Jean Arp, John Cage and Ad Reinhardt; it failed financially and closed in the spring of 1949. Besides teaching, Rothko began writing for the new magazines Tiger’s Eye and Possibilities.

early 1949

New paintings at Parsons: a “revelation”

After painting his first multiform Rothko shut himself away at his house in East Hampton and invited only a select few, among them the critic Harold Rosenberg, to see the new paintings. In early 1949 he showed them at the Betty Parsons Gallery, where Rosenberg found them nothing short of a revelation.

1949–1956

Large vertical canvases: being “inside” the picture

For seven years Rothko painted in oil only on large vertical canvases so that the viewer would feel “enveloped within” the painting. Critics saw this as compensating for a lack of substance; he replied that he painted large because he wanted to be intimate, and advised viewers to stand as close as eighteen inches away.

early 1950

Five months in Europe

In early 1950 Rothko and his wife spent five months in Europe; he did not go back to his homeland but visited the great museums of England, France and Italy, and was most impressed by Fra Angelico’s frescoes in San Marco in Florence. Mell became pregnant during the trip, and on 30 December, back in New York, their daughter Kate was born, named after Rothko’s mother.