Jean-Léon GérômeFrança, 1824–1904Jerusalem
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Museu de Orsay
Paris, França
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About the painting
Jerusalem (French: Jérusalem) is an 1867 painting by the French artist Jean-Léon Gérôme. It is also known as Golgotha, Consumatum Est and The Crucifixion (La Crucifixion). The foreground depicts the ground of Golgotha with the shadows of three crucified men: Jesus and the two thieves. Further back in the picture is a crowd of people moving away from the scene. In the background is the city of Jerusalem under a cloudy sky.
It was characteristic of Gérôme to depict not a violent event itself, but the aftermath of such violence; see The Death of Caesar, The Execution of Marshal Ney, and The Duel After the Masquerade.
The painting marked Gérôme's return to history painting after a period of exploring orientalism. Like much Christian art of the era, the depiction was influenced by Ernest Renan's Life of Jesus.
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The painting was presented at the Salon of 1868 in Paris and then again at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1870 at Burlington House in London. Since 1990 it is located at the Musée d'Orsay in Paris.
Pormenores
- Número de inventário
- RF 1990 7
Fontes
- Wikidata · obtido há 6 dias
- Imagem: Museu de Orsay — Jean-Léon Gérôme · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Entretanto, na vida de Jean-Léon Gérôme
A vida inteira1864–1904
The studio everyone wanted to join
Places in Gérôme’s atelier were limited and keenly sought: only the best students were admitted. Students progressed from drawing after antique works and casts to drawing from the live model and only then were allowed to paint in oils; he attended every Wednesday and Saturday and was known as a severe critic, but helped his students outside the school too, inviting them to his own studio and recommending them to the Salon.
1865
Elected to the Institut de France at the fifth attempt
Gérôme was elected to the Institut de France on his fifth attempt; in these years his influence became extensive and he was a regular guest of Empress Eugénie at the court in Compiègne.
1865
An official painting of the Siamese embassy
The Siamese ambassadors were presented to Napoleon III in the summer of 1861, and Gérôme received a commission for an official canvas for Versailles. Once at work he found he had to depict some 80 real people, which came hard because of his dislike of portraiture; the picture was shown at the Salon of 1865.
1867
The World’s Fair: twelve canvases and “The Death of Caesar”
At the 1867 World’s Fair Gérôme showed twelve canvases in the French pavilion; “The Death of Caesar” stood out, once again drawing immoderate praise from Gautier. That same year he was promoted to officer of the Legion of Honour.
1868
“The Execution of Marshal Ney”: asked to withdraw the picture
“The Execution of Marshal Ney” at the Salon of 1868 prompted Ney’s descendants to ask Gérôme to withdraw it, but he refused. Opinion was sharply split, and this Salon marked the beginning of a lasting divide between Gérôme and many French critics, who accused him of relying on literary devices, of commercialising art and of bringing politics into it.
1 January 1868
Leaves for the Near East with eight friends
On 1 January 1868 Gérôme left his students in the care of Gustave Boulanger and set off for the Near East with eight fellow artists and writers. In Cairo he was received by the Khedive Ismail Pasha, then visited Giza and the Faiyum oasis.
