Prout's Neck, Breakers

1883 · Drawing and Watercolor

About the work

Homer’s decision to move to Maine in 1883 presumably indicated his desire to live close to nature—Prout’s Neck was a peninsula known for its rocky coastline and dramatic views of the Atlantic Ocean. Prout’s Neck, Breakers, later the model for the monumental oil painting Early Morning after a Storm at Sea, shows the artist’s continued fascination with the power of the sea. However, unlike his earlier marine works, this and other watercolors made at Prout’s Neck are usually devoid of human activity, exploring nature’s grandeur in its many manifestations. This work also exemplifies important aspects of Homer’s technique as a watercolorist, including the way he layered strokes of color—using a range of light and dark blues—to create the depth and force of the breaking waves. He used the white of the paper to produce a brilliant sheen on the sea, juxtaposed with a hazy sky above.

Art Institute of ChicagoCC BY 4.0

Particulars

Meanwhile, in the life of Winslow Homer

The whole life

spring 1881 – November 1882
England: the village of Cullercoats
In 1881 Homer set off on his second and last trip abroad, to England, and from the spring of 1881 to November 1882 lived in the village of Cullercoats on the North Sea, depicting the courage of fishermen and above all of women: gutting fish, mending nets, waiting for the men at the water's edge. The period profoundly changed his later work: his palette grew sober and his pictures larger. Of the local women he wrote: “The women are the working bees.”
November 1882
Return: “a very different Homer”
In November 1882 Homer returned to the United States and showed his English watercolours in New York. Critics noticed the change at once: “He is a very different Homer from the one we knew”, his pictures were “works of High Art”, and his women were no longer “dolls who flaunt their millinery” but sturdy, fearless wives and mothers.
summer 1883
Moves to Prouts Neck
In the summer of 1883 Homer moved from New York to Prouts Neck, a peninsula ten miles south of Portland, Maine, and lived there for the rest of his life, using solitude to work. He settled on the family estate, in a remodelled carriage house seventy-five feet from the ocean.
1884
Death of his mother
In 1884 Homer's mother died: his first teacher and the strongest influence on him. After her death he became a “parent” to his ageing but domineering father, and his sister-in-law Martha (“Mattie”) became his closest female intimate.