Joseph Mallord William Turner当时的生活
完整生平summer 1805
Summer 1805: along the Thames
In the summer of 1805 he systematically sketched places along much of the Thames, from Oxford to the Thames Estuary; these intense months of observation so inspired him that for the next five or six years he presented many river-themed paintings in each of his annual gallery shows, based on his sketchbooks.
1806–1819
Work on the “Liber Studiorum”
For nearly twelve years he worked on about 70 mezzotints — the “Book of Studies”, inspired by Claude’s Liber Veritatis and meant as a manifesto of British landscape art; commercially it failed because of poor handling of sales and distribution, but it did elevate the prestige of landscape painting.
1807–1811
A floating studio at Hammersmith
Inspired by the Thames, he rented houses on or very near the river: in Isleworth (1804–1806) and in Hammersmith (1807–1811), where he converted a boat into a floating studio; fishing and boating were two of his favourite activities.
1808–1824
Summers at Walter Fawkes’s Farnley Hall
From 1808 to 1824 he stayed many summers at Farnley Hall near Otley in Yorkshire with its owner Walter Fawkes, becoming almost part of the family, with a room assigned for his exclusive use.
![Ginevra de' Benci [obverse], Leonardo da Vinci, c. 1474/1478](https://api.nga.gov/iiif/8f29e3c9-a289-4d53-abf0-31a66e9e98fa/full/!2400,2400/0/default.jpg)
![Wreath of Laurel, Palm, and Juniper with a Scroll inscribed Virtutem Forma Decorat [reverse], Leonardo da Vinci, c. 1474/1478](https://api.nga.gov/iiif/ff62e8d0-45c4-498f-ad36-6358de827e04/full/!2400,2400/0/default.jpg)
