Arctic Tern

spring – summer 1833

The Labrador expedition

In the spring of 1833 Audubon set out for Labrador with his son John Woodhouse and several young assistants to observe water birds in breeding plumage. The trip was not very successful, yielding 23 drawings and 73 prepared birds besides a collection of sea animals and plants, but a nest of the blackpoll warbler that he found, in his words, paid for the whole journey.

1835

The critic John Neal questions his honesty

Audubon failed to credit the work of Joseph Mason, which prompted a series of articles in 1835 by the critic John Neal questioning Audubon's honesty and trustworthiness.

summer 1836 – spring 1837

The South and Texas: meeting Sam Houston

In the summer of 1836 Audubon set off for America with his son John; the trip took in South Carolina, Florida, Louisiana and Texas. In October he was at last able to study Townsend's Columbia River collection, which in his opinion held about 40 new species, and to buy some of the skins; in the spring of 1837 he travelled by water to Galveston Bay, visited Houston and met Sam Houston, president of the Republic of Texas. By then he had lost almost all his teeth, and on the trip he lost 12 pounds.

1837

His last visit to England: the “Synopsis” of American birds

In August 1837 Audubon returned to England for the last time and oversaw the publication of the final volumes of both works. He then issued for subscribers a one-volume index, the “Synopsis of the Birds of America”, his attempt at a classification of birds of his own.