Raphaelİtalya, 1483–1520The Mass at Bolsena
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“The Mass at Bolsena” şu anda nerede? Koleksiyon: Vatikan Müzeleri, Vatican City. Bugün sergilenip sergilenmediği bilinmiyor.
Vatican City, Vatikan
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The Mass at Bolsena is a painting by the Italian renaissance artist Raphael. It was painted between 1512 and 1514 as part of Raphael's commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms that are now known as the Raphael Rooms, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. It is located in the Stanza di Eliodoro, which is named after The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple.
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The Mass at Bolsena depicts a Eucharistic miracle that is said to have taken place in 1263 at the church of Santa Cristina in Bolsena. A Bohemian priest who doubted the doctrine of transubstantiation was celebrating mass at Bolsena, when the bread of the eucharist began to bleed. The blood that spouted from the host fell onto the tablecloth in the shape of a cross and he was reconverted. The following year, in 1264, Pope Urban IV instituted the Feast of Corpus Christi to celebrate this miraculous event. The blood-stained Corporal of Bolsena is still venerated as a major relic in the Orvieto Cathedral.
Present in this painting is a self-portrait of the artist, Raphael, as one of the Swiss Guard in the lower right of the fresco, facing out with bound-up hair. This is one of several instances in which Raphael has placed himself in his paintings. Also shown in the work is Pope Julius II (1443–1513), kneeling at the right, and his daughter Felice della Rovere, shown on the left at the bottom of the steps, in profile, in dark clothes. The four cardinals to the right have also been identified as Leonardo Grosso della Rovere, Raffaello Riario, Tommaso Riario and Agostino Spinola, relatives of Julius.
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- Wikidata
- Görsel: Vatikan Müzeleri — Raphael · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Raphael: hayatındaki yeri
Tüm yaşam öyküsü1508–1520 · Çalıştığı yer
Rome
c. 1510
Marcantonio Raimondi engraves his designs
Raphael made no prints himself, but his pupils and assistants, above all Marcantonio Raimondi, engraved his drawings; around 1510 came “The Judgement of Paris”. The prints were sold in street shops and bought by maiolica painters, jewellers and carvers.
1511
Under the spell of Michelangelo's ceiling
According to Vasari, Bramante let Raphael into the Sistine Chapel secretly, and while painting the Stanza he was clearly influenced by Michelangelo's ceiling, as in his portrait of Michelangelo himself as Heraclitus in “The School of Athens”. Michelangelo accused him of plagiarism and years later complained that “everything he knew about art he got from me”.
1513
Leo X becomes pope
The death of Julius II did not interrupt the work: his successor, the Medici Pope Leo X, became Raphael's last and even closer patron, and Raphael's friend Cardinal Bibbiena was a close friend and adviser of the new pope.
1514
Chief architect of St Peter's
After Bramante's death Raphael became chief architect of the new St Peter's and continued Bramante's construction of the Vatican Loggias, whose vaults his pupils painted.
1514
Engaged to Maria Bibbiena
Raphael became engaged to Cardinal Bibbiena's niece Maria, apparently talked into it by his friend the cardinal and without much enthusiasm: the marriage had still not taken place when she died in 1520. A permanent fixture in his Roman life was “La Fornarina”, Margherita Luti, a baker's daughter.
