An Unknown woman

ca. 1780-1821 · Portrait miniature · 3.4 × 2.2 cm

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『An Unknown woman』は今どこに？ ヴィクトリア&アルバート博物館, Portrait Miniatures, Room 90a, The International Music and Art Foundation Gallery, ロンドン. はい、現在展示中. 確認 2026年9月25日.

ヴィクトリア&アルバート博物館

ロンドン, イギリス

展示室Portrait Miniatures, Room 90a, The International Music and Art Foundation Gallery

閉館· 明日10:00に開館

一般公開されています。

確認: 15 日前
この状態になった日: 2026年9月25日
出典: 美術館

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この絵画について

In the 18th century cut-paper images (usually blackened) were called ‘shades’. If they were portraits, they were known as ‘profiles’. The fashion for ‘profiles’ grew in the 1770s, when the archaeological discoveries of ancient Roman sites at Herculaneum and Pompeii encouraged a taste for Neo-classicism. ‘Profiles’ became even more fashionable after about 1775, when Johann Kaspar Lavater published his hugely popular Essays on Physiognomy. He claimed that one could detect a person’s character by concentrating on his or her main features. These would reveal both virtues and vices. Lavater illustrated the book with numerous simple black profiles.

The ‘silhouette’ was named after a French minister who was notorious for wasting his time on this popular hobby. Commercially, it was very successful, because in its simplest form it was a cheap and quick method of portraiture. With mechanical aids, a sitting could be done in one minute. There was no need for further tedious sittings to make endless repeats of the portrait for family and friends. But both artists and clients desired novelty. This soon led artists to diversify from the original cut paper or simple painted profiles on paper. They could paint on the under-surface of flat or convex glass, using oil colour or watercolour. They then framed the glass against a plaster background. Sometimes those profiles painted on convex glass would be backed by a thin coating of wax. Artists could paint on plaster, but watercolour, ink or oil were not suitable for this.

It seems that they used some kind of soot- or charcoal-based pigment. They might also use an ivory support, on which they painted in watercolour, often adding bronzed highlights. They borrowed this popular method from miniature painting.

ヴィクトリア&アルバート博物館