Fitzroy Square

1877

Libel Suit Against Ruskin

In 1877 Whistler sued the critic John Ruskin, who had condemned his "Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket," demanding 1,000 pounds in damages. Because of the criticism, his works fell out of favour.

25 – 26 November 1878

The Trial of Whistler v. Ruskin

On 25–26 November 1878 the suit was heard in the High Court. The jury returned a verdict in Whistler's favour but awarded damages of one farthing, and costs were split between the parties.

8 May 1879

Bankruptcy

Legal costs and debts from the construction of the White House on Tite Street forced Whistler to declare bankruptcy on 8 May 1879; his collection, possessions, and house went to auction.

September 1879

Trip to Venice

After the trial, Whistler accepted a commission for twelve etchings and arrived in Venice in September 1879. The three-month trip stretched to fourteen months: over 50 etchings, nocturnes, and more than 100 pastels.

January 1881

Mother's Death; the Name McNeill

In January 1881 the artist's mother, Anna Whistler, died. In her honour he adopted her maiden name, "McNeill," as his middle name.