
Peter Paul RubensFlemish, 1577–1640May one see it?
Saint Petersburg, Russia
On public display.
1624
Ennoblement by Philip IV
King Philip IV of Spain raised Rubens to the nobility.
5 June 1624
Post: court painter
1627–1630
Diplomatic Missions between Spain and England
Rubens was active as a diplomat, shuttling between the courts of Spain and England in an effort to achieve peace between the Catholic Spanish Netherlands and the Protestant Dutch Republic; he also made several trips to Holland.