Charles H. Caffin

1913

The Armory Show, and his own photographs at 291

Stieglitz lent works from 291 to the organisers, Walter Pach, Arthur B. Davies and Walt Kuhn, and was listed as an honorary vice-president of the exhibition along with Claude Monet, Odilon Redon, Mabel Dodge and Isabella Stewart Gardner. He saw the Armory Show, which opened in February 1913, as a vindication of his five years of work at 291, where he simultaneously showed his own photographs so that the public could see photographs and modern paintings side by side.

1914

African sculpture and children's drawings at 291

In 1914 Stieglitz presented African sculpture to the public, followed by children's drawings.

January – May 1916

Meets Georgia O'Keeffe

In January 1916 the suffragist Anita Pollitzer showed Stieglitz a set of charcoal drawings by Georgia O'Keeffe, and he decided to exhibit them at 291 without meeting her or asking her permission. In late May O'Keeffe heard of it from a friend and came to the gallery to chastise him, which is how they met; by the summer of 1917 they were writing each other their most private thoughts.

1917

Duchamp's “Fountain” photographed at 291

Marcel Duchamp's readymade Fountain, a urinal signed “R. Mutt” that had been rejected by the Society of Independent Artists exhibition, was displayed and photographed at Stieglitz's gallery-studio 291. The photograph was published in The Blind Man; the original soon disappeared, and it was from this photograph that the Fountain was later reconstructed.

1917

The end of the 291 gallery and of Camera Work

The year 1917 saw the end both of Stieglitz's direction of the 291 gallery, which he had run since 1905, and of Camera Work, which had produced 50 issues in 14 years. He later ran several more galleries.