Alfred StieglitzUSA, 1864–1946Georgia O'Keeffe—Hands and Thimble
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Alfred Stieglitz campaigned throughout the first half of the twentieth century to legitimize photography and modern art. He founded an exhibiting organization, the Photo-Secession, then the periodical Camera Work, and finally a series of galleries. The most influential of these, the gallery known simply as 291, operating from 1908 until 1917, introduced the work of such leaders of the European avant-garde as Paul Cézanne, Henri Matisse, and Pablo Picasso. Georgia O’Keeffe, who became Stieglitz’s wife in 1924, was among the progressive American artists whose work he also exhibited at 291. In a search for objective truth and pure form, the innovative photographer took some five hundred photographs of O’Keeffe between 1917 and 1937.
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The essence of O’Keeffe, he felt, was not confined to her head and face alone; equally expressive were her torso, feet, and especially her hands, as seen here. What resulted is a “composite portrait” of the painter, in which each photograph, revealing her intrinsic nature at a particular moment, can stand alone as an independently expressive form. When these serial images are viewed as a whole, they portray the essence of O’Keeffe’s many different “selves.”
For more on the Alfred Stieglitz collection at the Art Institute, along with in-depth object information, please visit the website: The Alfred Stieglitz Collection.
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- 1949.745
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Imens i livet hos Alfred Stieglitz
Hele livet1917
Duchamp's “Fountain” photographed at 291
Marcel Duchamp's readymade Fountain, a urinal signed “R. Mutt” that had been rejected by the Society of Independent Artists exhibition, was displayed and photographed at Stieglitz's gallery-studio 291. The photograph was published in The Blind Man; the original soon disappeared, and it was from this photograph that the Fountain was later reconstructed.
1917
The end of the 291 gallery and of Camera Work
The year 1917 saw the end both of Stieglitz's direction of the 291 gallery, which he had run since 1905, and of Camera Work, which had produced 50 issues in 14 years. He later ran several more galleries.
1918
O'Keeffe comes to New York; he leaves his family
In early June 1918 O'Keeffe moved to New York from Texas after Stieglitz promised her a quiet studio. Within a month his wife Emmy came home during one of the first nude photography sessions in the family apartment and told him to stop seeing O'Keeffe or get out; Stieglitz left and immediately found a place in the city where he and O'Keeffe could live together.
early 1921
Exhibition at the Anderson Galleries: 146 prints
At the invitation of Mitchell Kennerley, in early 1921 Stieglitz hung his first one-man exhibition since 1913: of the 146 prints only 17 had been seen before, and 46 were of O'Keeffe, many of them nudes, with the model unidentified. In the catalogue he made his famous declaration: “I was born in Hoboken. I am an American. Photography is my passion. The search for Truth my obsession.”
